For this reason, the charge of a particle and the strength of its electric field are two different phenomena. Without the BF, positive charges would not be able to build electric fields. They would be potentially positive, but effectively neutral, since they could not interact with VGs and produce VPs of the corresponding electric fields.

On the other hand, a negative charge interacts with VPs from surrounding EM fields, thus absorbing their potential energy and converting them back into VGs that can link again to the BF or interact with surrounding positive charges. Analogous to [6], the potential energy of a produced VG is here indirectly proportional to the negative charge of an interacting particle because, as known, VGs have less energy than VPs:

[7]        E(VG) ~ E(VP) / q(-)

Where:            E(VG) :            Potential energy of a produced VG.

                                   E(VP) :            Potential energy of an interacting VP.

q(-) :                Negative charge of an interacting particle.

In summary, the total field strength of an electric field is directly proportional to the number of VPs that build the field and to their individual potential energy:

[8]        F_e ~ n E(VP)

            Where:            F_e :                  Electric field strength.

                                   n :                    Number of VPs that build an electric field.

                                   E(VP) :            (Mean) potential energy of a VP in an electric field.

            In conclusion, a charge can build an electric field, only if the space around the charge is full of virtual particles of the BF or of EM-fields. VPs emitted by positive charges interact according to this model with negative charges that convert them back to VGs of the BF. Therefore, our universe is a great electromagnetic circuit in balance.

Since the EM force is known to be approx. 10⁴¹ times stronger than gravitation, a VP of an EM-field must therefore have approx. 10⁴¹ times more potential energy than a VG in a gravitational field:

[9]        E(VP) = 10⁴¹ E(VG)

Where:             E(VP) :           Potential energy of a VP.

Potential energy of a VG.

This means that the potential energy (tension) of a string in an EM field is approx. 10⁴¹ times higher than that of a string in a gravitational field. As mentioned above, decisive for the spinning direction of an electric field is the direction in which the VPs of the field are moving (and not that of the VGs). Finally, since positive charges interact with VGs of the BF and convert them into VPs, this model includes the fundaments of what has been called electrogravitation by linking gravitation and electromagnetism (see chapter 3. below).