A. Electric attraction and repulsion

Two equal charges repel mutually because of the tension of the strings that link the VPs in the two fields:

Two positive charges repel mutually because each positive charge produces VPs as seen above. Since VPs are linked together in EM fields by means of strings, and strings in EM fields are relatively strong according to [9], VPs cannot change from one field line to another. Therefore, if we try to approach two positive charges, the strings that maintain the VPs linked together in each field produce a tension that tends to separate again both charges. This mutual repulsion is furthermore maintained by the VPs, both positive charges are constantly emitting.

According to [6], the stronger the charges, the more potential energy the produced VPs and the corresponding strings have. The result is, that the repulsion between two positive charges increases with their charge.

On the contrary, two negative charges repel each other because each charge interacts with VPs from surrounding EM fields and converts them back into VGs. There is a constant flow of VPs towards each negative charge that build two neatly defined fields since VPs cannot change from one field to another due to their high energy. In consequence, there is a constant competition for VPs between two negative charges, that produces a tension between both fields and repels the charges mutually.

Any electric repulsion or attraction is therefore proportional to the total tension (e.g. potential energy) of all the strings in the corresponding electric fields. Since every VP is linked to the corresponding electric field by means of 6 strings:

[10]     F_q ~ 6 n E(S)

Where:           F_q :      Attraction or repulsion force between two electric charges.

                                               n :        Total number of VPs in both electric fields.

                                               E(S) :  Mean potential energy of a string in both electric fields.